The objective of this study was to research the use of nutrients and immunonutrients in household nutritional therapy
for elderly patients with pressure ulcer (PU). Methods: A literature review of scientific articles indexed in databases: Scielo,
Pubmed/Medline, Lilacs/Bireme Latindex, Elsevier and DOAJ, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, with emphasis in
the last 10 years. Results: Six types of hyperproteic dietary supplement were identified, enriched with special nutrients
such as zinc, selenium, vitamin A, C, E, arginine and omega-3 fatty acid, used in PU patients. The enriched formulas may
increase the immune cells proliferation, reduce oxidative stress, decrease inflammation and optimize healing. Conclusion:
The home nutrition therapy and nutrients are essential tools to treat and prevent nutritional deficiencies and possible
complications, and reintegrate the elderly into his/her family nucleus, favoring comfort and quality of life.
The representation of the elderly in the world population is estimated
at approximately 10% (705 millions). In 2050, according
to demographic projections, the number of people aged 60
and older, will be almost two billions. The aging fragility associated
with morbid conditions such as changes in mobility,
neurological and mental status, bowel functions and nutritional
status are characteristics of a prone population to the formation,
recurrence and complication for pressure ulcers (PU).
The PUs are a worldwide problem and are described as localized
lesions of the skin and/or underlying tissue, usually over
a prominent bone, caused by pressure, friction or shearing, or
even by combining these factors. In addition to worsen the
quality of life of hospitalized patients, PU increases the length
of stay and cost of treatment. In this context, home care
emerges as a strategy able to offer greater possibility of comfort
and proximity to family, to reduce readmissions, the risk
of infection, the hospital stay for treatment and rehabilitation
and the costs of care.
Simultaneously with the emergence of home care, wide and
multidisciplinary care model, Home Nutrition Therapy (HNT)
materialized as a genre of growing expansion to the present
day. The HNT began to stand out in the 1980s and since then is
a greater tendency to proceed with hospital care at home.
The aim of this study was to review the literature on the use of
nutrients and immunonutrients used in household nutritional
therapy for elderly patients with pressure ulcer.This study consists of a literature review on the topic, using
indexed scientific articles in: Scielo, Pubmed/Medline, Lilacs/
Bireme Latindex, Elsevier and DOAJ - Directory of Open Access
Journals, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, with emphasis
on the last 10 years, using the following descriptors: home
care, nutritional therapy, elderly, pressure ulcer.
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